Nkhani

Poyang'anizana ndi COVID-19 yomwe ikusintha mosalekeza, njira zachikhalidwe zothanirana nazo sizothandiza.
Pulofesa Huang Bo ndi gulu la Qin Chuan la CAMS (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences) adapeza kuti ma macrophages omwe amawunikira anali njira zowongolera matenda a COVID-19, ndipo adapeza mankhwala awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamtundu wa mbewa wa COVID-19. Zotsatira za kafukufuku wofunikira zimasindikizidwa pa intaneti mu nyuzipepala yapadziko lonse lapansi yamaphunziro, kutulutsa ma siginecha ndi chithandizo chomwe mukufuna.
"Phunziroli silimangopereka chithandizo chotetezeka komanso chothandiza ku COVID-19, komanso kuyesa molimba mtima 'kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala akale kuti agwiritse ntchito mwatsopano', kupereka njira yatsopano yoganizira kusankha mankhwala a COVID-19." Huang Bo anatsindika poyankhulana ndi mtolankhani wa sayansi ndi zamakono tsiku lililonse Pa April 7th.
Monga baluni, alveoli ndi gawo lofunikira la mapapo. Mkati mwa alveoli amatchedwa pulmonary surfactant layer, yomwe imapangidwa ndi mafuta ochepa komanso mapuloteni kuti alveoli ikhale yotalikirapo. Nthawi yomweyo, nembanemba ya lipid iyi imatha kudzipatula kunja kuchokera mkati mwa thupi. Mamolekyu a mankhwala a m'magazi, kuphatikizapo ma antibodies, alibe mphamvu yodutsa pa alveolar pamwamba yogwira wosanjikiza.
Ngakhale kuti alveolar surfactant layer imalekanitsa kunja ndi mkati mwa thupi, chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimakhala ndi gulu lapadera la phagocyte, lotchedwa macrophages. Izi macrophages kudutsa alveolar surfactant wosanjikiza ndipo akhoza phagocytize ndi particles ndi tizilombo zili mu mpweya mpweya, kuti akhalebe ukhondo wa alveoli.
"Chifukwa chake, COVID-19 ikalowa mu alveoli, alveolar macrophages amakulunga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta kachilomboka pamaselo awo ndikumeza mu cytoplasm, yomwe imatsekereza ma vesicles a kachilomboka, omwe amatchedwa endosomes." Huang Bo adati, "ma endosomes amatha kutumiza tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta ma lysosomes, malo otaya zinyalala mu cytoplasm, kuti awononge kachilomboka kukhala ma amino acid ndi ma nucleotide kuti agwiritsenso ntchito ma cell."
Komabe, COVID-19 imatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma macrophages enieni a alveolar kuthawa ma endosomes, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito macrophages kuti azidzibwereza okha.
"Zachipatala, ma bisphosphonates monga alendronate (AlN) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza osteoporosis poyang'ana macrophages; mankhwala a glucocorticoid monga dexamethasone (DEX) ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poletsa kutupa.” Huang Bo adati tapeza kuti DEX ndi AlN amatha kuletsa kuthawa kwa kachilomboka kuchokera ku endocytosomes poyang'ana mawu a CTSL ndi pH ya endosomes motsatana.
Popeza kasamalidwe kazinthu kamakhala kovuta kupanga chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa gawo logwira ntchito la alveoli, Huang Bo adati zotsatira za kuphatikiza kotereku zimatheka chifukwa cha kupopera kwa mphuno. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuphatikiza uku kungathenso kugwira ntchito ya hormone anti-inflammatory. Mankhwala opopera awa ndi osavuta, otetezeka, otsika mtengo komanso osavuta kulimbikitsa. Ndi njira yatsopano yowongolera matenda a COVID-19.