Nkhani

Ndi chiyani chinayambitsa milandu yopitilira 300 ya matenda a chiwindi osadziwika bwino m'maiko opitilira 20 ndi zigawo padziko lonse lapansi? Kafukufuku waposachedwa akuwonetsa kuti zitha kukhala zokhudzana ndi antigen yapamwamba yoyambitsidwa ndi coronavirus yatsopano. Zomwe zili pamwambazi zidasindikizidwa mu nyuzipepala yovomerezeka yapadziko lonse lapansi "The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology".

Maphunziro omwe tawatchulawa awonetsa kuti ana omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka corona atha kupangitsa kuti pakhale malo osungira ma virus m'thupi. Mwachindunji, kupezeka kosalekeza kwa coronavirus yatsopano m'mimba mwa ana kumatha kupangitsa kuti ma virus atulutsidwe mobwerezabwereza m'maselo am'mimba a epithelial, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezeke. Kutsegula kwa chitetezo chamthupi mobwerezabwereza kutha kukhala mkhalapakati ndi super antigen motif mu puloteni ya spike ya coronavirus yatsopano, yomwe ili yofanana ndi staphylococcal enterotoxin B ndipo imayambitsa kuyatsa kwakukulu komanso kosadziwika kwa T cell. Kutsegula kwakukulu kwa antigen-mediated kwa maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi kumakhudzidwa ndi multisystem inflammatory syndrome mwa ana (MIS-C).

Zomwe zimatchedwa super antigen (SAg) ndi mtundu wazinthu zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa ma T cell clones ndikupanga kuyankha kwamphamvu kwa chitetezo chamthupi ndi ndende yotsika kwambiri (≤10-9 M). Multisystem inflammatory syndrome mwa ana idayamba kukhudzidwa kwambiri kuyambira Epulo 2020. Panthawiyo, dziko lapansi linali litangolowa kumene mliri watsopano wa korona, ndipo mayiko ambiri motsatizana adanena za "matenda achilendo a ana", omwe anali ogwirizana kwambiri ndi korona watsopano. kuyambukiridwa ndi kachilombo. Odwala ambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro monga kutentha thupi, zidzolo, kusanza, kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes, milomo yosweka, ndi kutsekula m'mimba, zofanana ndi za matenda a Kawasaki, omwe amadziwikanso kuti matenda a Kawasaki. Multisystem kutupa syndrome ana makamaka kumachitika 2-6 milungu latsopano koronavirus matenda, ndi zaka isanayambike ana anaikira pakati 3-10 zaka. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome mwa ana ndi yosiyana ndi matenda a Kawasaki, ndipo matendawa ndi ovuta kwambiri mwa ana omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka COVID-19.

Ofufuzawo adasanthula kuti chiwopsezo chaposachedwa kwambiri chachiwopsezo chomwe sichikudziwika mwa ana chikhoza kukhala kuti chidatenga kachilomboka katsopano, ndipo anawo adatenga kachilombo ka adenovirus pambuyo poti ma virus adawonekera m'matumbo.

Ofufuzawo amafotokozanso zofanana ndi zoyeserera za mbewa: Matenda a Adenovirus amayambitsa staphylococcal enterotoxin B-mediated toxic shock, zomwe zimapangitsa kulephera kwa chiwindi ndi kufa kwa mbewa. Kutengera momwe zinthu zilili pano, kuyang'anira kosalekeza kwa COVID-19 kumalimbikitsidwa mu chopondapo cha ana omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi. Ngati umboni wa SARS-CoV-2 superantigen-mediated immune activation wapezeka, chithandizo cha immunomodulatory chiyenera kuganiziridwa mwa ana omwe ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha chiwindi.