Mufananidzo: Nhamba yemazino anodyarwa muChina kubva 2011 kusvika 2020 (makumi ezviuru)
Parizvino, kuiswa kwemazino kwave nzira yenguva dzose yekugadzirisa kukanganiswa kwemazino. Nekudaro, mutengo wakakwira wekudyara mazino wakachengeta kupinda kwayo kwemusika kwakaderera kwenguva yakareba. Kunyangwe mudzimba mazino anodyara R&D uye mabhizinesi ekugadzira achiri kutarisana nemabhodhoro ehunyanzvi, achitungamirwa nezvakawanda zvinhu zvakaita serutsigiro rwemitemo, kuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo yekurapa, uye kukura kwekuda, indasitiri yeChina yekudyara mazino inotarisirwa kuunza budiriro nekukurumidza, uye mabhizinesi emuno achawedzera kusimuka kwavo. uye kukurudzira mitengo yakaderera. Zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvemazino zvinobatsira varwere vakawanda.
Tsvagiridzo yezvinhu uye budiriro inopisa
Kudyarwa kwemazino kunonyanya kuumbwa nezvikamu zvitatu, zvinoti, kuisirwa kunoiswa mualveolar bone tishu kuita semudzi, korona inodzoreredza inoburitswa kunze, uye abutment inobatanidza kuisirwa uye korona yekudzorera kuburikidza ne gums. Mukuwedzera, mukugadzirisa mazino emazino, mapfupa ekugadzirisa mapfupa uye oral repair membrane zvinhu zvinowanzoshandiswa. Pakati pazvo, ma implants ndeaya anodyarwa nevanhu, ane yakakwirira tekinoroji yemukati uye tekinoroji zvinodiwa, uye anotora nzvimbo yakakosha mukuumbwa kwemazino anodyara.
Iyo yakanakira kuisirwa zvinhu inofanirwa kuve nekuchengetedza hunhu senge isiri-chepfu, kusanzwa-kunzwa, isiri-carcinogenic teratogenicity, uye yakanakisa biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, kupfeka kuramba, uye michina zvinhu.
Parizvino, zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mukudyara zvigadzirwa zvakanyorwa muChina zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira quaternary pure titanium (TA4), Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy uye titanium zirconium alloy. Pakati pavo, TA4 ine zvinhu zviri nani zvezvinhu, inogona kunyatsosangana nemamiriro ezvinhu ebasa rekuisa mumuromo, uye ine huwandu hwakawanda hwemakiriniki ekushandiswa; Kana ichienzaniswa netitanium yakachena, Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy ine zviri nani kusarura uye machinability, uye ine mamwe makiriniki ekushandisa, asi inogona kuburitsa shoma shoma yevanadium uye aluminium ions, zvichikonzera kukuvadza kumuviri wemunhu; Titanium-zirconium alloys ine nguva pfupi yekiriniki yekushandisa uye parizvino inongoshandiswa mune zvishoma zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti vaongorori mundima dzine hukama vari kugara vachitsvaga nekuongorora zvitsva zvekuisa. Zvitsva zvetitanium alloy (zvakadai setitanium-niobium alloy, titanium-aluminum-niobium alloy, titanium-niobium-zirconium alloy, nezvimwewo), bioceramics, uye composite zvinhu zvese zvazvino zvekutsvagisa hotspots. Zvimwe zvezvinhu izvi zvakapinda muchikamu chekushandiswa kwekiriniki uye zvine tarisiro yakanaka yebudiriro.
Saizi yemusika iri kukura nekukurumidza uye nzvimbo yakakura
Parizvino, nyika yangu yave imwe yemisika yemazino ari kukurumidza kukura pasi rose. Zvinoenderana ne “2020 China Oral Medical Industry Report” yakaburitswa neMeituan Medical and MedTrend pamwe nechikamu chayo cheMed+ Research Institute, huwandu hwemazino anodyarwa muChina hwakawedzera kubva pa130,000 muna 2011 kusvika pamamiriyoni mana nemazana matanhatu muna 2020. Kukura kwakasvika 48% (ona chati kuti uwane ruzivo)
Kubva pakuona kwemutengi, mari yekudyara mazino inonyanya kusanganisira mari yebasa rekurapa uye mari yezvinhu. Mutengo wekudyara mazino kamwe chete unotangira kubva kuzviuru zvakati wandei kusvika kumakumi ezviuru zveyuan. Musiyano wemutengo unonyanya kuenderana nezvinhu zvakaita semazino ekuisa zvinhu, huwandu hwemashandisirwo edunhu, uye chimiro chemasangano ekurapa. Kujeka kwemitengo yakasiyana-siyana yekugovanisa muindasitiri ichiri yakaderera. Zvinoenderana nekuverenga kweFirestone, nekugadzira mazinga ematengo ekudyara mazino munzvimbo dzakasiyana uye masangano ekurapa emazinga akasiyana munyika, tichifunga kuti mutengo wepakati wekuiswa kwemeno imwe chete i8,000 yuan, saizi yemusika wekuisirwa mazino emunyika yangu. terminal muna 2020 ingangoita 32.48 bhiriyoni yuan.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kubva pakuona kwepasirese, mwero wekupinda kwemusika wemazino wemunyika yangu uchiri padanho rakaderera, uye pane nzvimbo yakawanda yekuvandudza. Parizvino, mwero wekupinda kwemazino anodyarwa muSouth Korea inopfuura 5%; mwero wekupinda kwemazino anodyarwa munyika dzeEurope neAmerica uye matunhu akanyanya kupfuura 1%; nepo mwero wekupinda kwemazino anodyarwa munyika yangu achiri pasi pe0.1%.
Kubva pamaonero emusika wemakwikwi maitiro eiyo core material implants, pari zvino, musika wemumba wemusika unonyanya kugarwa nemhando dzekunze. Pakati pavo, South Korea's Aototai uye Denteng inotora inopfuura hafu yemugove wemusika nekuda kwemutengo uye kunaka kwakanakira; chikamu chasara chemusika chinonyanyogarwa nemhando dzeEuropean neAmerica, dzakadai seStraumann wekuSwitzerland, Nobel wekuSweden, Dentsply Sirona, Han Ruixiang, Zimmer Bangmei et al.
Makambani anodyara emudzimba pari zvino haana kukwikwidza uye haasati agadzira mhando yemakwikwi, aine chikamu chemusika chiri pasi pegumi muzana. Pane zvikonzero zvikuru zviviri. Chekutanga, iwo epamba anodyara tsvakiridzo nekusimudzira mabhizinesi anga ari mumunda kwenguva pfupi, uye anoshaya kuunganidza maererano nekiriniki yekushandisa nguva uye chivakwa chechiratidzo; Chechipiri, pane mukaha mukuru pakati pezvinomera zvemumba uye zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvakanyanya maererano nekushandiswa kwezvinhu, maitiro ekurapa kwepamusoro uye kugadzikana kwechigadzirwa. Kuzivikanwa kwezvipimo zvemumba. Zvinogona kuoneka kuti chiyero chenzvimbo dzemaimplants chinoda kuvandudzwa nekukasira.
Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobatsira kusimudzira kweindasitiri
Mazino anodyarwa ane hunhu hwekushandisa zvakanyanya, uye indasitiri yavo yekusimudzira yakabatana zvakanyanya nehuwandu hwemari inoraswa nemunhu. Munyika yangu yakasimukira hupfumi hwekutanga-tier maguta, nekuda kweiyo yakakwira pamunhu mari inoraswa yevagari, mwero wekupinda kwemazino anodyarwa wakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Dhata kubva kuNational Bureau of Statistics inoratidza kuti mumakore achangopfuura, mari inoraswa yevagari munyika yose yakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, kubva pa18,311 yuan muna 2013 kusvika pa35,128 yuan muna 2021, iine chiyero chekukura kwepagore chinodarika 8%. Izvi pasina kupokana isimba rekutyaira remukati rinotungamira kukura kweindasitiri yemeno yekudyara.
Kukura kwehuwandu hwemasangano ekurapa mazino nevarapi vemazino kunopa hwaro hwekurapa hwekusimudzira indasitiri yekudyara mazino. Sekureva kweChina Health Statistical Yearbook, huwandu hwezvipatara zvemazino zvakazvimiririra munyika yangu hwakawedzera kubva pa149 muna 2011 kusvika pa723 muna 2019, paine huwandu hwekukura kwepagore hwe22%; muna 2019, nhamba yevarapi vemazino uye vabatsiri varapi munyika yangu yakasvika 245,000 Vanhu, kubva 2016 kusvika 2019, iyo komputa yegore yekukura mwero yakasvika 13.6%, ichiwana kukurumidza kukura.
Panguva imwecheteyo, kukurudzirwa kweindasitiri yezvokurapa zviri pachena kukanganiswa nemutemo. Mumakore maviri apfuura, hurumende nehurumende dzemunharaunda dzakatora pakati pekutenga zvinhu zvekurapa kakawanda, izvo zvakaderedza zvakanyanya mutengo wekupedzisira wezvigadzirwa zvekurapa. Muna Kukadzi gore rino, State Council Information Office yakaita musangano wenguva dzose pamusoro pemafambiro ekuvandudzwa kwekutenga kwepakati pekutenga zvinodhaka uye zvakakosha zvekurapa. The centralized procurement plan yanyatsokura. Sechigadzirwa chepamusoro-chepamusoro mumunda wezvinyorwa zvemuromo, kana mazino anodyarwa akaiswa muchikamu chekutenga kwepakati, pachava nekuderera kwemutengo, izvo zvichabatsira kukurudzira kusunungurwa kwekuda.
Pamusoro pezvo, kana ma implants emazino achinge asanganisirwa mukutenga kwepakati, zvinove nemhedzisiro yakakosha pamusika wekudyara mazino epamba, izvo zvichabatsira makambani epamba kuti akurumidze kuwedzera chikamu chavo chemusika uye kukurudzira kukurumidza kusimudzira kweindasitiri yekudyara.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-23-2022