Iindaba

I-XE yafunyanwa okokuqala e-UK nge-15 kaFebruwari kulo nyaka.

Phambi kweXE, kufuneka sifunde ulwazi olusisiseko malunga ne-COVID-19. Ubume be-COVID-19 bulula, oko kukuthi, ii-nucleic acids kunye neqokobhe leproteni ngaphandle. Iprotheyini ye-COVID-19 yohlulwe yangamacandelo amabini: iprotein yesakhiwo kunye ne-nonstructural protein (NSP). Iiprotheyini zesakhiwo ziindidi ezine ze-spike protein S, imvulophu protein E, i-membrane protein M kunye ne-nucleocapsid protein N. Ziiprotheyini eziyimfuneko ukwenza amasuntswana entsholongwane. Kwiiprotheyini ezingezizo izakhiwo, kukho ngaphezu kweshumi elinesibini. Ziiprotheyini ezifakwe kwi-virus genome kwaye zinemisebenzi ethile kwinkqubo yokuphindaphinda kwentsholongwane, kodwa musa ukubopha kwiintsholongwane zentsholongwane.

Olunye lolona landelelwano lubalulekileyo ekubhaqweni kwe-nucleic acid (RT-PCR) ngummandla ogcinayo we-ORF1 a/b we-COVID-19. Ukuguqulwa kwezinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo akuchaphazeli ukufunyanwa kwe-nucleic acid.

Njengentsholongwane ye-RNA, i-COVID-19 ityekele kutshintsho, kodwa uninzi lotshintsho alunantsingiselo. Abambalwa kubo baya kuba nemiphumo emibi. Ziinguqu ezimbalwa kuphela ezinokwandisa ukosuleleka, i-pathogenic okanye amandla okuzikhusela omzimba.

Iziphumo zokulandelelana kofuzo zibonise ukuba i-ORF1a ye-XE yayingaphezulu kwi-BA.1 ye-Omicron, ngelixa ezinye zivela kwi-BA.2 ye-Omicron, ngokukodwa i-gene ye-protein ye-S inxalenye - oku kuthetha ukuba iimpawu zayo zokuhambisa zingasondela kwi-BA.2 .

I-BA.2 yeyona ntsholongwane isulelayo efunyenwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukosulela okungapheliyo kwentsholongwane, sihlala sijonga kwi-R0, oko kukuthi, umntu osulelekileyo unokosulela abantu abaninzi ngaphandle kokugonywa kunye nokhuseleko. Okukhona i-R0 iphezulu, kokukhona ukosuleleka okukhulu.

Idatha yangaphambili ibonise ukuba izinga lokukhula kwe-XE laliphezulu kune-BA.2 linyuke nge-10%, kodwa idatha kamva yabonisa ukuba olu qikelelo aluzinzile. Okwangoku, ayinakuqinisekiswa ukuba izinga layo eliphezulu lokukhula lilungelo eliziswe luhlenga-hlengiso.

Kukholelwa kwangaphambili ukuba iinguqu ezinkulu ezilandelayo zinokuthi zisuleleke ngakumbi kune-BA.2 yangoku ineenzuzo ezininzi, kwaye kunzima ukuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ubutyhefu bayo buya kutshintsha njani (ukwandisa okanye ukunciphisa). Okwangoku, inani lezi zintlukwano ezintsha azininzi. Akunakwenzeka ukufikelela kwisigqibo ukuba nayiphi na kuzo inokuphuhla ibe ziintlobo ezinkulu. Ifuna ukuqwalaselwa ngakumbi. Kubantu abaqhelekileyo, akukho mfuneko yokoyika okwangoku. Ukujongana nezi BA.2 okanye iinguqulelo ezinokuthi zenzeke, ugonyo lusabaluleke kakhulu.

Phambi kwe-BA enegunya elinamandla lokuphunyuka kwe-immune 2. Kwimeko yogonyo oluqhelekileyo (iidosi ezimbini), izinga elisebenzayo lezitofu ezimbini ezisetyenziswa eHong Kong kuthintelo losulelo ziye zancitshiswa kakhulu, kodwa zisenamandla amakhulu. impembelelo ekuthinteleni ukugula okuqatha nokufa. Emva kogonyo lwesithathu, ukhuseleko lwaphuculwa ngokubanzi.