Iindaba

Ukujongana ne-COVID-19 ehlala iguquka, iindlela zemveli zokuhlangabezana noko azisebenzi.
Unjingalwazi uHuang Bo kunye neqela leQin Chuan leCAMS (iAkhademi yaseTshayina yeSayensi yezoNyango) bafumanise ukuba i-alveolar macrophages ekujoliswe kuyo yayizizicwangciso-qhinga ezisebenzayo zolawulo kwangethuba losulelo lwe-COVID-19, kwaye bafumana amachiza amabini aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa kwimodeli yempuku ye-COVID-19. Iziphumo zophando ezifanelekileyo zipapashwa kwi-intanethi kwijenali yezemfundo yamazwe ngamazwe, ukudluliselwa komqondiso kunye nonyango olujoliswe kuyo.
"Olu phononongo aluboneleli kuphela ngonyango olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo lwe-COVID-19, kodwa kunye nomzamo wenkalipho 'wokusebenzisa amachiza amadala ukuze usetyenziswe ngokutsha', ukubonelela ngendlela entsha yokucinga yokukhetha amachiza e-COVID-19." U-Huang Bo ugxininise ngodliwano-ndlebe kunye nentatheli yesayensi kunye nethekhnoloji yemihla ngemihla Ngo-Ephreli 7th.
Njengebhaluni, i-alveoli sisiseko sesakhiwo semiphunga. Umphezulu ongaphakathi we-alveoli ubizwa ngokuba ngumaleko we-pulmonary surfactant, owenziwe ngumaleko obhityileyo wamafutha kunye neprotheyini yokugcina i-alveoli kwimeko eyandisiweyo. Ngelo xesha, le membrane ye-lipid iyakwazi ukuhlukanisa ngaphandle ngaphakathi komzimba. Iimolekyuli zamachiza egazi, kubandakanywa izilwa-buhlungu, azinakho ukudlula kumphezulu we-alveolar.
Nangona umaleko we-alveolar surfactant ubeka ngaphandle ngaphandle ngaphakathi emzimbeni, amajoni ethu omzimba anodidi lwee-phagocytes ezikhethekileyo, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-macrophages. Ezi macrophage zingena kwi-alveolar surfactant layer kwaye zinokuphagocytize amasuntswana kunye ne-microorganisms equlethwe kumoya ophefumlelweyo, ukuze kugcinwe ukucoceka kwe-alveoli.
Ke ngoko, nje ukuba i-COVID-19 ingene kwi-alveoli, i-alveolar macrophages isonga amasuntswana entsholongwane kwi-membrane yeseli engaphezulu kwaye iwaginye kwi-cytoplasm, egquma ii-vesicles zentsholongwane, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-endosomes. U-Huang Bo uthe, "ii-endosomes zinokuzisa amasuntswana entsholongwane kwi-lysosomes, isikhululo sokulahla inkunkuma kwi-cytoplasm, ukuze ibolise intsholongwane ibe yi-amino acids kunye nee-nucleotides ukuze isetyenziswe kwakhona kwiseli."
Nangona kunjalo, i-COVID-19 inokusebenzisa imeko ethile ye-alveolar macrophages ukubaleka kwi-endosomes, kwaye isebenzise ii-macrophages ukuziphindaphinda.
"Kwiklinikhi, i-bisphosphonates efana ne-alendronate (AlN) isetyenziselwa unyango lwe-osteoporosis ngokujolisa i-macrophages; ichiza leglucocorticoid njengedexamethasone (DEX) lichiza elisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo lokulwa nokudumba.” U-Huang Bo uthe sifumene ukuba i-DEX kunye ne-AlN inokuthintela ngokubambisana ukubaleka kwentsholongwane kwi-endocytosomes ngokujolisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-CTSL kunye nexabiso le-pH le-endosomes ngokulandelanayo.
Njengoko ulawulo olucwangcisiweyo kunzima ukuvelisa ngenxa yokuphazamiseka komphezulu osebenzayo we-alveoli, u-Huang Bo uthe isiphumo sonyango oludibeneyo olunjalo lufezekiswa ngokutshiza ngeempumlo ngokuyinxenye. Ngexesha elifanayo, le ndibaniselwano inokudlala indima ye-hormone echasayo. Olu nyango lokutshiza lulula, lukhuselekile, alubizi kwaye kulula ukulukhuthaza. Sisicwangciso esitsha solawulo kwangethuba losulelo lwe-COVID-19.