Izindaba

Owesifazane ukhombisa imali engamaphepha nezinhlamvu zemali ezifakwe kuhlelo lwango-2019 lochungechunge lwesihlanu lwe-renminbi. [Isithombe/Xinhua]

I-renminbi iya ngokuya iduma njengethuluzi okuxoxiswana ngalo emhlabeni jikelele, indlela yokushintshisana ukuze kuxazululwe izinkokhelo zamazwe ngamazwe, futhi ingxenye yayo ezinkokhelweni zamazwe ngamazwe ikhuphukela kumaphesenti angu-3.2 ngoJanuwari, iphula irekhodi elabekwa ngo-2015. Futhi uhlobo lwemali luvame ukusebenza njengendawo ephephile. indawo ngenxa yokuntengantenga kwezimakethe kwakamuva.

I-renminbi ikleliswe endaweni yama-35 kuphela lapho i-SWIFT iqala ukulandelela idatha yokukhokha yomhlaba wonke ngo-Okthoba 2010. Manje, ikleliswe endaweni yesine. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inqubo yokwenziwa kwemali yaseShayina yamazwe ngamazwe ikhule ngesivinini ezikhathini zamuva nje.

Yiziphi izici ezibangela ukwanda kokuduma kwe-renminbi njengendawo yokuhwebelana yomhlaba wonke?

Okokuqala, umphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe namuhla uwuthemba kakhulu umnotho waseShayina, ngenxa yezisekelo ezizwakalayo zezomnotho wezwe kanye nokukhula okuqhubekayo. Ngo-2021, i-China yazuza ukukhula kwe-GDP ngamaphesenti angu-8.1 unyaka nonyaka—okungaphezu nje kokubikezelwa kwamaphesenti angu-8 kwezikhungo zezezimali zomhlaba wonke nama-ejensi wokulinganisa kodwa namaphesenti angu-6 okuhlosiwe abekwe uhulumeni waseShayina ekuqaleni konyaka odlule.

Amandla omnotho waseShayina abonakala ku-GDP yezwe yama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-114 (amadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-18), elingelesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni futhi libalwa ngaphezu kwamaphesenti ayi-18 omnotho womhlaba.

Ukusebenza okuqinile komnotho waseShayina, kanye nesabelo sawo esikhulayo emnothweni wezwe kanye nezohwebo, sekwenze amabhange amakhulu amaningi kanye nabatshalizimali bamazwe ngamazwe bathola izimpahla ze-renminbi ngamanani amakhulu. NgoJanuwari kuphela, inani lamabhondi amakhulu aseShayina aphethwe amabhange amaphakathi emhlabeni wonke kanye nabatshalizimali bomhlaba wonke lenyuke ngama-yuan angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-50. Kwabaningi balamabhange amaphakathi nabatshalizimali, amabhondi aseShayina asezingeni eliphezulu ahlala eyinketho yokuqala yokutshala imali.

Futhi ekupheleni kukaJanuwari, inani lempahla ye-renminbi yangaphandle idlule ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.5.

Okwesibili, izimpahla ze-renminbi seziphenduke "indawo ephephile" yeningi lezikhungo zezezimali nakubatshalizimali bangaphandle. Imali yaseShayina nayo ibidlala indima “yokuzinza” emnothweni womhlaba. Akumangalisi ukuthi izinga lokushintshaniswa kwe-renminbi libonise ukuthambekela okunamandla okukhuphuka ngo-2021, nezinga layo lokushintshaniswa nedola laseMelika linyuke ngamaphesenti angu-2.3.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba uhulumeni waseShayina kulindeleke ukuthi ethule inqubomgomo yezimali exegayo kulo nyaka, izimali zokuhwebelana zangaphandle zaseChina cishe zizokhula kancane kancane. Lokhu, nakho, kukhulise ukuzethemba kwamabhange amakhulu kanye nabatshalizimali bamazwe ngamazwe ku-renminbi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba i-International Monetary Fund izobuyekeza ukwakheka nokulinganisa kukabhasikidi Okhethekile Wamalungelo Okudweba ngoJulayi, ingxenye ye-renminbi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule engxubeni yemali ye-IMF, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yohwebo oluqinile nolukhulayo lwe-renminbi kanye Isabelo esikhulayo saseShayina ekuhwebeni komhlaba wonke.

Lezi zici azigcinanga nje ngokuthuthukisa isimo se-renminbi njengohlobo lwemali olubekiwe lomhlaba wonke kodwa futhi zenze abatshalizimali abaningi bamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezikhungo zezezimali zandise izimpahla zabo ngohlobo lwemali lwase-China.

Njengoba inqubo yokuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe kwe-renminbi ibuthana, izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe, kuhlanganise nezikhungo zezezimali namabhange okutshalwa kwezimali, kukhombisa ukwethemba okukhulu emnothweni nasemalini yaseShayina. Futhi ngokukhula okuqhubekayo komnotho waseShayina, isidingo somhlaba wonke se-renminbi njengendlela yokuhwebelana, kanye nezindawo ezigciniwe, sizoqhubeka nokwanda.

I-Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, isikhungo sokuhweba se-renminbi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, siphethe cishe amaphesenti angu-76 ebhizinisi le-offshore renminbi settlement. Futhi i-SAR ilindeleke ukuthi idlale indima ebonakalayo kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-renminbi lokuhlanganisa amazwe ngamazwe esikhathini esizayo.